Remarkable Strides in Breast Cancer Survival

Health with Dr. Donald Greig, The New Clinic.

Author/ Dr. Donald Greig
1 October 2026

As we observe October’s Breast Cancer Awareness Month in Hong Kong, it’s important to reflect on the remarkable progress made in breast cancer care over the past four decades. Mortality rates have fallen by approximately 40–60% in many high-income countries, a testament to earlier diagnosis and improved treatments. In Hong Kong, the ten-year survival rate has surged from under 40% in the 1970s to around 75-80% for women diagnosed today. Let’s explore how advancements in molecular biology and community efforts have shaped these encouraging outcomes.

Finding Cancers Earlier

One of the most significant advancements in breast cancer care is the implementation of mammographic screening. In Hong Kong, the BreastScreen program aims to provide accessible and affordable screening for all women aged 40 and above. Regular screenings enable the early detection of many cancers at Stage 0 or Stage I, greatly improving treatment outcomes. Studies indicate that participation in these mammography programs can reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer by about one-third to two-fifths over the next decade compared to those who do not undergo screening. This increased awareness encourages women to seek medical attention promptly upon noticing any changes in their breasts.

Gentler, More Precise Surgery

Enhanced detection and better imaging technologies have made surgical interventions less radical yet more precise. Many women now have the option of breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy), achieving excellent long-term control without the need for a mastectomy in every case. In community clinics across Hong Kong, sentinel lymph node biopsy has emerged as a less invasive alternative to extensive node removal, reducing complications like lymphoedema while providing crucial information for safe treatment planning.

Smarter Systemic Treatments

Modern systemic treatments, including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies, have become more effective and personalised. Drugs such as trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer have dramatically improved survival rates for women with this specific tumor marker. Neoadjuvant therapy, or chemotherapy before surgery, not only shrinks tumors but also offers real-time insights into treatment efficacy, guiding subsequent decisions.

The Molecular Biology Revolution

A fundamental reason for these advancements is the deeper understanding of the molecular biology of breast cancer. Today, breast cancer is recognised as a family of subtypes, each defined by characteristics such as hormone receptors and HER2 status. This knowledge allows us to tailor treatments specifically, sparing more healthy cells. Innovations include HER2-targeted drugs and multi-gene tests that help identify women whose recurrence risk is low enough to safely forgo chemotherapy, minimizing side effects without compromising outcomes.

Harnessing the Immune System

Immunotherapy represents another promising frontier. Checkpoint inhibitors and related therapies “lift the brakes” on the immune system, enabling it to better recognise and attack cancer cells. While not suitable for every patient, advancements in understanding tumour-immune interactions are paving the way for more personalised treatment options.

Ensuring Progress Reaches Everyone

As we celebrate these strides, it is crucial to acknowledge the disparities that still exist worldwide. In many low-income areas, breast cancer mortality rates remain high due to late-stage diagnoses and limited access to necessary medical services. In Hong Kong, community initiatives aim to improve awareness and access to screening, especially in underserved populations. Closing this gap will require collective efforts to enhance infrastructure and ensure equitable access to proven therapies.

The dramatic improvements in survival we see today are the result of countless contributions—from researchers and clinicians to advocates and community supporters. Thank you for being part of this journey. By working together, we are moving closer to a future where breast cancer is a far less daunting diagnosis for women everywhere. Let’s continue to empower change and support one another in this vital mission.

Helpful Links

www.breastscreen.gov.hk

https://www.hkbcf.org/en/breast_health_centre/main/1271/

https://www.fhs.gov.hk/english/health_info/woman/30170.html

https://www.cancer.gov.hk/en/bctool/index.html

About the Author

Dr. Donald Greig

Dr. Greig is a general surgeon with 28 years of experience in Hong Kong. He contributes to scientific literature, publishes weekly patient newsletters and serves as a well-being educator and communicator, collaborating with prominent institutions and companies.

www.thenewclinic.info